Assessment of genetic diversity in relation to seed yield and its component traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

Abstract

The genetic divergence were tested of thirty eighty genotypes of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in randomized
block design with three replications during Rabi 2015-16. Observations were recorded for twelve characters viz., days to
50% flowering, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number
of siliqua per plant, plant height (cm), number of seeds per siliqua, siliqua length (cm), biological yield per plant (g),
harvest index (%), seed yield per plant (g) and 1000-seed weight (g). Genetic divergence was studied using Mahalanobis
D2 statistics. Genotypes were grouped into seven clusters. The I (eight genotype) and II (eight genotype) cluster having
the maximum number of genotypes followed by cluster IV (seven genotype), V & VI have (five genotype) each, III (three
genotype) and VII (two genotype). Maximum average intra cluster divergence value was found for cluster VII and
minimum intra cluster divergence value was found for cluster V. Maximum inter cluster D2 value was recorded between
cluster VII and VI where as minimum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and cluster I. Based on the
larger intra cluster distance value, the crosses could be made among the genotypes (PBR-210 & Sanjucta ASECH) with
(RLM- 619, Pusa Tarak, Jawahar mustard, Swarnajyoti & RGN-73) for obtaining useful progenies in the segregating
generation and also for development of hybrids in mustard. The characters biological yield per plant (g), number of
siliquae per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, siliqua length (cm), days to 50% flowering and1000-seed weight (g)
contributed more than 90.8 % of the total genetic diversity.